Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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To
measure the volume of a liquid, you would use a a. | ruler. | c. | thermometer. | b. | graduated
cylinder. | d. | balance. | | | | |
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2.
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The
official SI unit for temperature is a. | kelvins (K). | c. | degrees Celsius (°C). | b. | degrees
Fahrenheit (°F). | d. | All of the
above | | | | |
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3.
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The
color of the powder that a mineral leaves on a piece of white, unglazed porcelain is called the
mineral's a. | hardness. | c. | streak. | b. | luster. | d. | scratch. | | | | |
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4.
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Gold
and copper generally form a. | on the bottom of lakes and
seas. | c. | in
pegmatites. | b. | in hot-water solutions. | d. | All of the above | | | | |
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5.
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The
weathering and wearing away of rock into sediment is called a. | compaction. | c. | melting. | b. | metamorphism. | d. | erosion. | | | | |
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6.
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Earth
scientists classify the three main types of rock into smaller groups according to a. | composition and
texture. | c. | color and
luster. | b. | density and hardness. | d. | streak and cleavage. | | | | |
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7.
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Which
of the following appears to cause movement of Earth's tectonic plates? a. | convection
currents below the lithosphere | b. | energy from volcanic activity | c. | magnetic-pole
reversals | d. | faults in mountain ranges | | |
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8.
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Earth's oceanic crust is ____ than the continental crust. a. | thinner but
denser | c. | thicker but less
dense | b. | thicker and denser | d. | thinner and less dense | | | | |
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9.
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The
solid, dense center of our planet is called the a. | mesosphere. | c. | inner core. | b. | asthenosphere. | d. | outer
core. | | | | |
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10.
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____
is the process in which an oceanic plate sinks and pulls the rest of the tectonic plate with
it. a. | Slab
pull | c. | Ridge
push | b. | Convection | d. | Sea-floor
spreading | | | | |
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11.
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Which
of the following was NOT used as evidence to support the theory of continental
drift? a. | the existence of
convection currents | b. | the similarity of fossils found on continental
coasts | c. | the close fit of continental
coastlines | d. | the matching of glacial grooves on different
continents | | |
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12.
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What
causes the ground to move during an earthquake? a. | elastic rebound | c. | stress | b. | deformation | d. | tectonic
force | | | | |
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13.
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Shallow, moderate earthquakes are produced along ____ faults. a. | normal | c. | reverse | b. | converse | d. | strike-slip | | | | |
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14.
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____
motion causes a normal fault. a. | Convergent | c. | Transform | b. | Divergent | d. | all of the
above | | | | |
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15.
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P
waves and S waves are two types of ____ waves. a. | interior | c. | surface | b. | exterior | d. | body | | | | |
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16.
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The
____ is an area on the Earth's surface where no direct seismic waves from a particular earthquake can
be detected. a. | Moho | c. | shadow
zone | b. | seismic
gap | d. | subduction
zone | | | | |
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17.
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Scientists studying the sun have discovered that ____ produce seismic waves causing
"sunquakes." a. | tectonic plates | c. | faults | b. | solar
flares | d. | convergent
motions | | | | |
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18.
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At
divergent plate boundaries, a. | heat from the Earth's core produces mantle
plumes. | b. | oceanic plates sink, causing magma to
form. | c. | tectonic plates move apart. | d. | hot spots
produce volcanoes. | | |
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19.
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Which
of the following eruptions are characterized by blasting both molten and solid rock from a
volcano? a. | explosive
eruptions | c. | lava
flows | b. | nonexplosive eruptions | d. | fissure eruptions | | | | |
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20.
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Which
of the following is a type of volcano that is formed by runny lava? a. | a composite
volcano | c. | a cinder cone
volcano | b. | a shield volcano | d. | a stratovolcano | | | | |
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21.
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As
you move upward through the atmosphere, the temperature a. | increases. | c. | stays the
same. | b. | decreases. | d. | varies. | | | | |
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22.
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Near
the Earth's surface, air is heated by a. | conduction. | c. | ozone. | b. | solar
winds. | d. | convection. | | | | |
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23.
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The
____ is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. a. | troposphere | c. | mesosphere | b. | stratosphere | d. | ionosphere | | | | |
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24.
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Automobile exhaust reacts with air and sunlight to form a. | smog. | c. | a primary
pollutant. | b. | ozone. | d. | acid precipitation. | | | | |
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25.
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Air
can become saturated when water vapor is added to the air through a. | evaporation. | c. | precipitation | b. | transpiration. | d. | Both (a) and (b) | | | | |
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26.
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Which
statement best describes condensation? a. | It only occurs in cold areas. | b. | It occurs with
no relative humidity. | c. | There must be a surface to condense
on. | d. | It is the same
as precipitation. | | |
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27.
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When
cirro- is part of a cloud's name, it means that a. | the cloud is at
a high altitude. | b. | it is a low cloud. | c. | precipitation
might fall from the cloud. | d. | it is a middle cloud. | | |
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28.
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Which
layer of the Earth has the lowest density? a. | the core | b. | the
mantle | c. | the crust | | |
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29.
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The
sun's energy is produced in the a. | radiative zone. | c. | corona. | b. | convective
zone. | d. | core. | | | | |
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30.
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Which
of the following is illustrated by arrow C? a. | orbit | c. | rotation | b. | revolution | d. | period of rotation | | | | |
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Below
is a cutaway view of the sun. Examine the diagram and answer the questions that
follow.
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31.
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Which
of the following is indicated by C? a. | photosphere | c. | corona | b. | chromosphere | d. | convective
zone | | | | |
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